{"id":9967,"date":"2026-05-18T11:35:26","date_gmt":"2026-05-18T11:35:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/?p=9967"},"modified":"2026-05-18T11:35:26","modified_gmt":"2026-05-18T11:35:26","slug":"zavoj-burka-nikab-co-rika-zakon-ve-francii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/?p=9967","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1voj, burka, nik\u00e1b… co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 z\u00e1kon ve Francii"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A\u010dkoliv Sarkozyho t\u00e1bor z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejednozna\u010dn\u00fd ohledn\u011b sv\u00e9ho z\u00e1m\u011bru zak\u00e1zat z\u00e1voje na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch m\u00edstech, je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159ezkoumat, co francouzsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo povoluje a co ne. P\u0159esko\u010dit reklamu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po kontroverzi kolem burkin letos v l\u00e9t\u011b je \u010das, aby se \u0161\u00e1tek vr\u00e1til do pop\u0159ed\u00ed politick\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hodl\u00e1 Nicolas Sarkozy zak\u00e1zat jeho no\u0161en\u00ed na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prostranstv\u00edch, tj. na ulic\u00edch?  Jeho t\u00e1bor v t\u00e9to v\u011bci z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejednozna\u010dn\u00fd<\/a>  .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 francouzsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo? Z\u00e1kaz burkin na n\u011bkter\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017e\u00edch, z\u00e1kaz \u0161\u00e1tk\u016f ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch, z\u00e1kaz burk\u00edn na ulic\u00edch a nejistota ohledn\u011b \u0161\u00e1tk\u016f na pracovi\u0161ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Francouzsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed no\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho od\u011bvu. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159edpisy p\u0159ijat\u00e9 v posledn\u00edch letech se teoreticky vztahuj\u00ed na v\u0161echna n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, ve skute\u010dnosti jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010dasto v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00e9 debaty o  m\u00edst\u011b isl\u00e1mu ve Francii<\/a>  .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Firemn\u00ed zpravodaj<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed si p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte o t\u00e9matech na\u0161\u00ed asociace: anal\u00fdzy zpr\u00e1v, rozhovory, n\u00e1zory… E-mailov\u00e1 adresa Registrace<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burkini (plavky)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V srpnu 2016  vydalo n\u011bkolik obc\u00ed na francouzsk\u00e9m pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed,<\/a>  kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u201evhodn\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed na pl\u00e1\u017e\u00edch v souladu s dobr\u00fdmi zvyky a z\u00e1sadou sekularismu\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u010dkoli toto slovo nen\u00ed v\u00fdslovn\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bno, tyto dekrety odkazuj\u00ed na  \u201eburkini\u201c, plavky, kter\u00e9 zahaluj\u00ed t\u011blo od kotn\u00edk\u016f a\u017e po vlasy<\/a>  .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spr\u00e1vn\u00ed soud  v Nice zpo\u010d\u00e1tku tyto iniciativy<\/a>  , kter\u00e9 vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed z pravomoc\u00ed starostovsk\u00e9 policie v oblasti p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9mu po\u0159\u00e1dku, podpo\u0159il. St\u00e1tn\u00ed rada, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed soud, bude p\u0159\u00edpad projedn\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed \u010dtvrtek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cel\u00fd z\u00e1voj (burka, nik\u00e1b)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Francie byla prvn\u00ed evropskou zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1  zak\u00e1zala no\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1voje, a to<\/a> v roce 2010,  kdy schv\u00e1lila  z\u00e1kon<\/a>  zakazuj\u00edc\u00ed \u201eno\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1voje na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prostranstv\u00edch\u201c (na ulic\u00edch, ale tak\u00e9 v obchodech, ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 doprav\u011b, na radnic\u00edch atd.). Z\u00e1kon se vztahoval na nik\u00e1b \u2013 tmav\u00fd z\u00e1voj, kter\u00fd zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 cel\u00fd obli\u010dej krom\u011b o\u010d\u00ed \u2013 a burku \u2013 z\u00e1voj zakr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed cel\u00fd obli\u010dej, \u010dasto modr\u00fd, se s\u00ed\u0165ovan\u00fdm panelem zakr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm o\u010di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1kon z roku 2010, kter\u00fd<\/a>  v roce 2014 potvrdil Evropsk\u00fd soud pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (ESLP), stanov\u00ed pokuty a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161e 150 eur za m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159estupky. B\u011bhem p\u011bti let platnosti z\u00e1kona bylo ulo\u017eeno n\u011bco m\u00e1lo p\u0159es 1 500 pokut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Socialistick\u00e1 strana se hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed zdr\u017eela. Fran\u00e7ois Hollande b\u011bhem prezidentsk\u00e9 kampan\u011b v dubnu 2012 prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee \u201ez\u00e1kon o burk\u00e1ch samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zachov\u00e1\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1voj nebo hid\u017e\u00e1b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch.<\/strong>  \u201eNa ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch, st\u0159edn\u00edch a vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch je no\u0161en\u00ed symbol\u016f nebo od\u011bv\u016f, kter\u00fdmi studenti viditeln\u011b projevuj\u00ed svou n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost, zak\u00e1z\u00e1no,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed  z\u00e1kon z roku 2004.<\/a>  Sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed povaha ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je zakotvena v \u00fastav\u011b, nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm p\u0159edpisu ve Francii. A co je d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed povaha francouzsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu byla stanovena z\u00e1konem z roku 1905, kter\u00fd tuto z\u00e1sadu spojuje s respektov\u00e1n\u00edm n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 svobody. P\u0159ijet\u00ed z\u00e1kona z roku 2004, kter\u00fd zakazuje tak\u00e9 krucifixy a lebky, n\u00e1sledovalo po patn\u00e1cti letech \u010dasto v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00fdch debat.  V\u0161echno to za\u010dalo v roce 1989 na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole v Creil<\/a>  (Oise), kde byly t\u0159i dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edvky vylou\u010deny za no\u0161en\u00ed \u0161\u00e1tk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na univerzit\u011b.  <\/strong>Z\u00e1kaz no\u0161en\u00ed pokr\u00fdvek hlavy ve Francii se na univerzity nevztahuje<\/a>  , ale je p\u0159edm\u011btem pravideln\u00e9 debaty. \u201eMus\u00ed se to ud\u011blat,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil nap\u0159\u00edklad v \u010dervenci premi\u00e9r Manuel Valls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V jesl\u00edch a p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch.<\/strong>  V \u010dervnu 2014 francouzsk\u00e9 soudy potvrdily  propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u017eeny v hid\u017e\u00e1bu, kter\u00e1 byla zam\u011bstnan\u00e1 v soukrom\u00e9 jesl\u00edch, pro \u201ez\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 pochyben\u00ed<\/a>  \u201c. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Baby Loup, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Chanteloup-les-Vignes (Yvelines), bylo kv\u016fli kontroverzi, kterou vyvolalo, nuceno se p\u0159est\u011bhovat do Conflans. V n\u00e1vaznosti na toto rozhodnut\u00ed a s podporou tohoto precedentu schv\u00e1lili poslanci v kv\u011btnu 2015 z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd zav\u00e1d\u00ed z\u00e1sadu  \u201en\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 neutrality\u201c<\/a>  v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch o d\u011bti mlad\u0161\u00ed \u0161esti let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na pracovi\u0161ti.<\/strong>  A\u010dkoli z\u00e1kon vy\u017eaduje, aby st\u00e1tn\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci zachov\u00e1vali \u201ep\u0159\u00edsnou neutralitu\u201c,  pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka no\u0161en\u00ed \u0161\u00e1tku v soukrom\u00e9m sektoru z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nevy\u0159e\u0161ena<\/a>  . V z\u00e1sad\u011b to nic nezakazuje ve jm\u00e9nu n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 svobody; n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed  zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 v\u0161ak proti tomu protestuj\u00ed<\/a>  , zejm\u00e9na pokud  to negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje jejich podnik\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>  . Soudy, \u010dasto nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soudy ve Francii (Kasa\u010dn\u00ed soud) a Evrop\u011b (Soudn\u00ed dv\u016fr Evropsk\u00e9 unie v Lucemburku, Evropsk\u00fd soud pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va ve \u0160trasburku), proto mus\u00ed rozhodovat p\u0159\u00edpad od p\u0159\u00edpadu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A\u010dkoliv Sarkozyho t\u00e1bor z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejednozna\u010dn\u00fd ohledn\u011b sv\u00e9ho z\u00e1m\u011bru zak\u00e1zat z\u00e1voje na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch m\u00edstech, je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159ezkoumat, co francouzsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo povoluje a co ne. P\u0159esko\u010dit \n [...]<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9968,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9967","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9967","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9967"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9967\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9969,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9967\/revisions\/9969"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9968"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}