Term\u00edn \u201eko\u017en\u00ed uzl\u00edk\u201c m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed, proto\u017ee se m\u016f\u017ee vztahovat na \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu l\u00e9z\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se na prvn\u00ed pohled zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt podobn\u00e9, ale maj\u00ed zcela odli\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a klinick\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V praxi se jedn\u00e1 o popisn\u00fd term\u00edn, nikoli o diagn\u00f3zu, proto je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pe\u010dliv\u011b prozkoumat vzhled, konzistenci a pocity spojen\u00e9 se zm\u011bnou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto rys\u016f \u010dasto pom\u00e1h\u00e1 uklidnit obavy a posoudit, zda je nutn\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 konzultace, nebo zda je zm\u011bna zcela ne\u0161kodn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak vysv\u011btluje Lucia Seminario-Vidal, MD, atestovan\u00e1 dermatolo\u017eka na USF Health Morsani College of Medicine na Florid\u011b, kdy\u017e pacienti mluv\u00ed o bulk\u00e1ch, obvykle popisuj\u00ed n\u011bco, co je viditeln\u011b vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 nad povrchem k\u016f\u017ee nebo se nach\u00e1z\u00ed pod n\u00edm a zp\u016fsobuje lokalizovanou vyboulenost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V dermatologii se ko\u017en\u00ed uzl\u00edky obecn\u011b d\u011bl\u00ed do t\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch kategori\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed ur\u010dit jejich potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Prvn\u00ed z nich jsou benign\u00ed, tj. nezhoubn\u00e9, l\u00e9ze, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou l\u00e9\u010dbu a jsou pouze estetickou vadou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Druhou kategorii tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 nebo infek\u010dn\u00ed uzl\u00edky, kter\u00e9 sice vy\u017eaduj\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu, ale obvykle nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00ed \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u0159et\u00ed skupinou jsou malign\u00ed l\u00e9ze, tj. n\u00e1dory, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed rychlou diagn\u00f3zu a l\u00e9\u010dbu, nikoli pasivn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ko\u017en\u00ed uzl\u00edky se mohou li\u0161it nejen vzhledem, ale tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, jak se na n\u011b c\u00edt\u00edte p\u0159i dotyku, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm diagnostick\u00fdm vod\u00edtkem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich jsou m\u011bkk\u00e9, ka\u0161ovit\u00e9 nebo houbovit\u00e9, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 jsou znateln\u011b tvrd\u00e9 a nepodlehnou tlaku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u011bkter\u00e9 uzl\u00edky jsou pod prsty pohybliv\u00e9, co\u017e \u010dasto nazna\u010duje benign\u00ed povahu l\u00e9ze, zat\u00edmco uzl\u00edky, kter\u00e9 jsou nepohybliv\u00e9 a \u201ep\u0159ichycen\u00e9\u201c k hlub\u0161\u00edm struktur\u00e1m, vy\u017eaduj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ostra\u017eitost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e9ze m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt bolestiv\u00e1 nebo zcela bezbolestn\u00e1, \u010derven\u00e1 a zan\u00edcen\u00e1, nebo m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt stejnou barvu jako okoln\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
St\u00e1v\u00e1 se tak\u00e9, \u017ee bulka m\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00f3r, je nepravideln\u00e9ho tvaru, \u010dasem se viditeln\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161uje nebo je pod k\u016f\u017e\u00ed st\u00e1le viditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je ko\u017en\u00ed uzl\u00edk doprov\u00e1zen obecn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly b\u00fdt obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b znepokojiv\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezi p\u0159\u00edklady pat\u0159\u00ed zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00e9 lymfatick\u00e9 uzliny na krku, v podpa\u017e\u00ed nebo v t\u0159\u00edslech, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt doprov\u00e1zeny hore\u010dkou, no\u010dn\u00edm pocen\u00edm nebo nevysv\u011btliteln\u00fdm \u00fabytkem hmotnosti, co\u017e mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edznaky lymfomu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jednou z b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch a ne\u0161kodn\u00fdch zm\u011bn jsou ko\u017en\u00ed v\u00fdr\u016fstky, co\u017e jsou mal\u00e9, m\u011bkk\u00e9 v\u00fdr\u016fstky barvy k\u016f\u017ee, kter\u00e9 se nej\u010dast\u011bji objevuj\u00ed v oblastech t\u0159en\u00ed, jako je krk nebo podpa\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vyskytuj\u00ed se \u010dast\u011bji po 40. roce v\u011bku a \u010dast\u011bji se vyskytuj\u00ed u lid\u00ed s nadv\u00e1hou, diabetem nebo s rodinnou anamn\u00e9zou tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, ale samy o sob\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o benign\u00ed l\u00e9ze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Velmi \u010dastou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou ko\u017en\u00edch bulek jsou tak\u00e9 cysty, kter\u00e9 se obvykle objevuj\u00ed na obli\u010deji, z\u00e1dech nebo hrudn\u00edku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Obvykle jsou hladk\u00e9, ov\u00e1ln\u00e9, dob\u0159e definovan\u00e9 a pohybliv\u00e9 a jejich charakteristick\u00fdm rysem je p\u0159\u00edtomnost mal\u00e9ho otvoru v centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cysty se mohou infikovat nebo zan\u00edtit, st\u00e1t se bolestiv\u00fdmi, zarudl\u00fdmi a napln\u011bn\u00fdmi tekutinou, co\u017e vy\u017eaduje l\u00e9ka\u0159skou pomoc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed skupinou l\u00e9z\u00ed jsou bradavice, kter\u00e9 jsou zp\u016fsobeny infekc\u00ed lidsk\u00fdm papilomavirem neboli HPV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A\u010dkoli v\u011bt\u0161ina typ\u016f tohoto viru nezp\u016fsobuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, n\u011bkter\u00e9 vedou ke vzniku bradavic s charakteristick\u00fdm vzhledem podobn\u00fdm kv\u011bt\u00e1ku, nej\u010dast\u011bji na rukou, nohou nebo v oblasti genit\u00e1li\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dermatofibromy jsou naproti tomu tvrd\u00e9, mal\u00e9 uzl\u00edky, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto objevuj\u00ed na doln\u00edch kon\u010detin\u00e1ch a jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina nen\u00ed zcela objasn\u011bna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Typick\u00fdm rysem fibromu je, \u017ee p\u0159i stisknut\u00ed prsty se zhrout\u00ed dovnit\u0159 a vytvo\u0159\u00ed malou prohlube\u0148.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Je vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, ale mo\u017en\u00e9, aby se l\u00e9ze p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed fibrom uk\u00e1zala jako n\u00e1dor pojivov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b, co\u017e ukazuje na d\u016fle\u017eitost p\u0159esn\u00e9 diagn\u00f3zy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lipomy jsou benign\u00ed n\u00e1dory tukov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b, obvykle m\u011bkk\u00e9 a snadno se pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed pod k\u016f\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se mohou objevit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kdekoli na t\u011ble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Obvykle jsou bezbolestn\u00e9, i kdy\u017e mohou zp\u016fsobovat nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 pocity, pokud stla\u010duj\u00ed bl\u00edzk\u00e9 nervy, a jejich v\u00fdskyt m\u016f\u017ee souviset s genetickou predispozic\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00e9 lymfatick\u00e9 uzliny jsou tak\u00e9 \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1ny jako ko\u017en\u00ed bulky, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b kdy\u017e se objev\u00ed n\u00e1hle a lze je nahmatat prsty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Obvykle se zv\u011bt\u0161uj\u00ed v reakci na infekci a jakmile infekce odezn\u00ed, postupn\u011b se vracej\u00ed do norm\u00e1ln\u00ed velikosti a z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed hladk\u00e9 a pohybliv\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud se v\u0161ak lymfatick\u00e1 uzlina stane tvrdou, nehybnou a doprov\u00e1z\u00ed ji obecn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, m\u016f\u017ee to vy\u017eadovat urgentn\u00ed diagn\u00f3zu rakoviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud m\u00e1te jak\u00e9koli pochybnosti, pokud l\u00e9ze p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 nebo rychle roste, je nejlep\u0161\u00ed se poradit se sv\u00fdm praktick\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em, dermatologem nebo jin\u00fdm specialistou, kter\u00fd posoud\u00ed povahu bulky a navrhne dal\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Term\u00edn \u201eko\u017en\u00ed uzl\u00edk\u201c m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed, proto\u017ee se m\u016f\u017ee vztahovat na \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu l\u00e9z\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se na prvn\u00ed pohled zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt podobn\u00e9, ale \n [...]<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6494,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6493"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6495,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6493\/revisions\/6495"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}