Lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo je slo\u017eit\u00e1 mapa biologick\u00fdch funkc\u00ed, kde um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed energetick\u00fdch z\u00e1sob m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt stejn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 jako mno\u017estv\u00ed uskladn\u011bn\u00e9 energie. Ve\u0159ejnou diskusi o zdrav\u00ed a fitness po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed dominovalo<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Index t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti (BMI), jednoduch\u00fd pom\u011br v\u00fd\u0161ky a hmotnosti, kter\u00fd \u010dasto nezohled\u0148uje nuance lidsk\u00e9 fyziologie. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159elomov\u00e1 studie Oxfordsk\u00e9 univerzity, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed data od v\u00edce ne\u017e 16 000 \u017een, p\u0159esunula pozornost z celkov\u00e9 t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti na z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam rozlo\u017een\u00ed tuku. V\u00fdzkum nazna\u010duje, \u017ee typ postavy \u201ehru\u0161kovit\u00fd\u201c \u2013 charakterizovan\u00fd ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm tuku v oblasti bok\u016f a h\u00fd\u017ed\u00ed \u2013 nen\u00ed pouze estetickou variac\u00ed, ale biologickou v\u00fdhodou, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout v\u00fdznamnou ochranu p\u0159ed chronick\u00fdmi metabolick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Abychom pochopili, pro\u010d je toto specifick\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed tuku prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, mus\u00edme si nejprve uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee ne v\u0161echny tuky jsou stejn\u00e9. V l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 komunit\u011b se rozli\u0161uje mezi viscer\u00e1ln\u00edm tukem a podko\u017en\u00edm tukem. Viscer\u00e1ln\u00ed tuk, kter\u00fd se obvykle hromad\u00ed v<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed oblast a obklopuje vnit\u0159n\u00ed org\u00e1ny, je metabolicky aktivn\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Uvol\u0148uje z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 cytokiny a je \u00fazce spojen s inzul\u00ednovou rezistenc\u00ed, hypertenz\u00ed a \u0159adou kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. Naproti tomu gluteofemor\u00e1ln\u00ed tuk nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v boc\u00edch a stehnech funguje jako \u201emetabolick\u00e1 j\u00edmka\u201c. Je stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a slou\u017e\u00ed jako dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e9 zachycuje mastn\u00e9 kyseliny a br\u00e1n\u00ed jim v p\u0159\u00edstupu do krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu a po\u0161kozen\u00ed srdce a jater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Oxfordsk\u00e1 studie veden\u00e1 Dr. Konstantinosem Manolopoulosem, renomovan\u00fdm specialistou na endokrinologii a metabolismus, poskytuje hlub\u0161\u00ed pohled na chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed t\u00e9to gluteofemor\u00e1ln\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b. V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee tuk ulo\u017een\u00fd v doln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b bohat\u00fd na omega-3 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny. Tyto esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed tuky jsou dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e9 pro sv\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 vlastnosti pro srdce a svou roli v podpo\u0159e zdrav\u00ed mozku. Proto\u017ee se tuk v doln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla odbour\u00e1v\u00e1 pomaleji ne\u017e b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed tuk, uvol\u0148uje tyto prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 slou\u010deniny postupn\u011b. Toto pomal\u00e9 uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hu cholesterolu, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm hladiny lipoprotein\u016f s n\u00edzkou hustotou (LDL), \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00fdch jako \u201e\u0161patn\u00fd\u201c cholesterol, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podporuje celkov\u00fd lipidov\u00fd profil t\u011bla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ochrann\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky tuku v oblasti bok\u016f a h\u00fd\u017ed\u00ed se d\u00e1le roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bna oblast regulace gluk\u00f3zy. Studie uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee \u017eeny s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm pod\u00edlem h\u00fd\u017e\u010fov\u00e9ho tuku m\u00edvaj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed kontrolu hladiny cukru v krvi a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed riziko vzniku cukrovky 2. typu. To je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b proto, \u017ee tukov\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148 v doln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla produkuje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hladiny leptinu a adiponektinu. Leptin je hormon zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za regulaci chuti k j\u00eddlu a energetick\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy, zat\u00edmco adiponektin je protein, kter\u00fd zlep\u0161uje citlivost na inzul\u00edn a m\u00e1 protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 vlastnosti. T\u00edm, \u017ee p\u016fsob\u00ed jako rezervo\u00e1r t\u011bchto hormon\u016f, funguj\u00ed boky a stehna jako sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed endokrinn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011blo p\u0159ed metabolick\u00fdmi stresory modern\u00edho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u016fsledky tohoto v\u00fdzkumu jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro oblast kognitivn\u00edho v\u00fdvoje a zdrav\u00ed matek. Proto\u017ee tuk v oblasti bok\u016f a stehen je koncentrovan\u00fdm zdrojem polynenasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin s dlouh\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzcem, je v podstat\u011b rezervou pro \u201ebudov\u00e1n\u00ed mozku\u201c. B\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed a kojen\u00ed jsou tyto specifick\u00e9 tukov\u00e9 z\u00e1soby mobilizov\u00e1ny, aby podpo\u0159ily rychl\u00fd v\u00fdvoj mozku plodu a kojence. Evolu\u010dn\u00ed biologov\u00e9 ji\u017e dlouho teoretizuj\u00ed, \u017ee jedine\u010dn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed tuku pozorovan\u00e9 u lidsk\u00fdch \u017een se vyvinulo specificky proto, aby potomci tohoto druhu m\u011bli p\u0159\u00edstup k vysoce kvalitn\u00edm \u017eivin\u00e1m pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm pro velk\u00fd a komplexn\u00ed mozek. V t\u00e9to souvislosti \u201evelk\u00fd zadek\u201c nen\u00ed zdravotn\u00edm rizikem, ale evolu\u010dn\u00edm \u00fasp\u011bchem \u2013 biologick\u00fdm \u00fakrytem ur\u010den\u00fdm k ochran\u011b srdce matky i mysli d\u00edt\u011bte.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo je slo\u017eit\u00e1 mapa biologick\u00fdch funkc\u00ed, kde um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed energetick\u00fdch z\u00e1sob m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt stejn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 jako mno\u017estv\u00ed uskladn\u011bn\u00e9 energie. Ve\u0159ejnou diskusi o zdrav\u00ed \n [...]<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17689,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17688","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17688"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17688\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17690,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17688\/revisions\/17690"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/17689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17688"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17688"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17688"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}