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<\/figure>\n\n\n\nPodle samotn\u00e9 Kellermanov\u00e9 ji policie zatkla za no\u0161en\u00ed \u201eneslu\u0161n\u00e9ho\u201c oble\u010den\u00ed, a\u010dkoli neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 by to potvrzovaly. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v t\u00e9 dob\u011b to, \u017ee \u017eena plavala t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem, zp\u016fsobilo skand\u00e1l. Incident se dostal na tituln\u00ed str\u00e1nky novin a vyvolal hnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kellermanov\u00e9 odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 volba plavek upoutala pozornost ve\u0159ejnosti a brzy se jej\u00ed jednod\u00edln\u00e9 obleky staly popul\u00e1rn\u00edm trendem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Popt\u00e1vka vzrostla natolik, \u017ee nakonec uvedla na trh vlastn\u00ed \u0159adu plavek a \u201eAnnette Kellermans\u201c, jak se jim za\u010dalo \u0159\u00edkat, p\u0159edstavovaly prvn\u00ed krok k evoluci modern\u00edch d\u00e1msk\u00fdch plavek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0158vouc\u00ed dvac\u00e1t\u00e1 l\u00e9ta: Nov\u00e1 vlna m\u00f3dy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S p\u0159\u00edchodem 20. let 20. stolet\u00ed se styl flapper za\u010dal st\u00e1vat senzac\u00ed, a to nejen ve ve\u010dern\u00edm oble\u010den\u00ed, ale i na pl\u00e1\u017ei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u0161echno to za\u010dalo, kdy\u017e se skupina kalifornsk\u00fdch rebelek vzep\u0159ela tradici. Zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako \u201ed\u00edvky, kter\u00e9 si pov\u011bsily sukn\u011b\u201c, jejich revolu\u010dn\u00ed c\u00edl byl jednoduch\u00fd: plavky, ve kter\u00fdch by \u017eeny mohly skute\u010dn\u011b plavat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Plavky se tedy za\u010daly m\u011bnit, st\u00e1valy se prakti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi a p\u0159il\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. \u201eD\u00edvky, kter\u00e9 pov\u011bsily sukn\u011b\u201c symbolizovaly celon\u00e1rodn\u00ed posun, kter\u00fd se net\u00fdkal jen m\u00f3dy \u2013 \u0161lo o funk\u010dnost a svobodu pohybu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I kdy\u017e na dne\u0161n\u00ed pom\u011bry st\u00e1le skromn\u00e9, \u017eeny pomalu ukazovaly v\u00edce k\u016f\u017ee d\u00edky plavk\u00e1m navr\u017een\u00fdm pro voln\u00fd pohyb. Skute\u010dn\u00e1 revoluce v\u0161ak teprve m\u011bla p\u0159ij\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bikiny: Skand\u00e1ln\u00ed krok vp\u0159ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159i\u0161el rok 1946 a s n\u00edm i zrod bikin. Tyto dvoud\u00edln\u00e9 plavky, kter\u00e9 vynalezl francouzsk\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdr Louis R\u00e9ard, odhalovaly pupek a v\u00edce k\u016f\u017ee, ne\u017e kdokoli na ve\u0159ejnosti pova\u017eoval za vhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jen n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed p\u0159ed zaveden\u00edm bikin v roce 1946 provedly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty na atolu Bikini sv\u016fj prvn\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00fd jadern\u00fd test, kter\u00fd p\u0159it\u00e1hl pozornost cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A\u010dkoli n\u00e1vrh\u00e1\u0159 Louis R\u00e9ard nikdy nevysv\u011btlil, pro\u010d plavky pojmenoval \u201ebikini\u201c, mnoz\u00ed se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee se jednalo o odkaz na jejich explozivn\u00ed dopad \u2013 komer\u010dn\u00ed i kulturn\u00ed \u2013 podobn\u011b jako samotn\u00e1 bomba. Jin\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1zev evokoval exotick\u00e9 kouzlo Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu nebo p\u0159irovn\u00e1val \u0161ok z odhaluj\u00edc\u00edch plavek k s\u00edle atomov\u00e9ho v\u00fdbuchu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reakce v USA byla rychl\u00e1: mnoho pl\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zak\u00e1zalo bikiny, kter\u00e9 byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za vylo\u017een\u011b vzpurn\u00e9. V Evrop\u011b to nebylo o moc jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed. V roce 1949 Francie zak\u00e1zala bikiny na sv\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017e\u00edch a v N\u011bmecku byly zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch baz\u00e9nech a\u017e do 70. let. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 n\u011bkter\u00e9 komunistick\u00e9 skupiny kritizovaly bikiny jako zn\u00e1mku kapitalistick\u00e9ho \u00fapadku a mor\u00e1ln\u00ed korupce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pape\u017e Pius XII. prohl\u00e1sil bikiny za h\u0159\u00edch a n\u011bkolik zem\u00ed \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b Belgie, It\u00e1lie, Portugalska a \u0160pan\u011blska \u2013 zavedlo celost\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1kaz no\u0161en\u00ed plavek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159i slavn\u00e9m incidentu z roku 1952 byla australsk\u00e1 modelka Ann Ferguson po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1na, aby opustila pl\u00e1\u017e v Surfers Paradise, proto\u017ee jej\u00ed bikiny Paula Stafford byly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 odhaluj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pravda o slavn\u00e9 fotografii<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jedna fotografie se stala symbolem cel\u00e9 debaty o tom, zda by bikiny m\u011bly b\u00fdt povoleny na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017e\u00edch \u2013 \u010di nikoli. A poch\u00e1z\u00ed z It\u00e1lie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cernob\u00edl\u00fd sn\u00edmek, kter\u00fd se v posledn\u00edch letech stal vir\u00e1ln\u00edm, ukazuje mu\u017ee v b\u00edl\u00e9 uniform\u011b, jak stoj\u00ed vedle mlad\u00e9 \u017eeny v bikin\u00e1ch na pl\u00e1\u017ei. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed \u010dasto tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee tento okam\u017eik byl zachycen v italsk\u00e9m Rimini v roce 1957. Nej\u010dast\u011bji sd\u00edlen\u00e1 verze p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu je, \u017ee mu\u017e je policista, kter\u00fd \u017een\u011b ud\u011blil pokutu jen za to, \u017ee m\u011bla na sob\u011b bikiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na Redditu z roku 2023 s t\u00edmto obr\u00e1zkem z\u00edskal p\u0159es 31 000 hlas\u016f a 1 400 koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Jeho popisek zn\u011bl: \u201ePolicista pokutoval \u017eenu za no\u0161en\u00ed bikin, 1957.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ale bylo to skute\u010dn\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Samotn\u00e1 fotografie je autentick\u00e1 \u2013 nejsou na n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky digit\u00e1ln\u00ed manipulace \u2013 ale p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1hadou. Neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 hmatateln\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee by \u017eena dostala pokutu za no\u0161en\u00ed plavek. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee se mohlo jednat o zinscenovanou sc\u00e9nu s modelkami nebo herci, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee policista mohl pokutu ud\u011blit ze zcela jin\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159esto ho fotka zas\u00e1hla do citliv\u00e9ho m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V e-mailu Gianluca Braschi, \u0159editel St\u00e1tn\u00edho archivu v Rimini, Snopesovi potvrdil, \u017ee v It\u00e1lii v t\u00e9 dob\u011b platily z\u00e1kony o plavk\u00e1ch, i kdy\u017e p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kter\u00fd se za fotografi\u00ed skr\u00fdv\u00e1, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejasn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jak Braschi vysv\u011btlil, z\u00e1kon z roku 1932 zakazoval \u201ekoup\u00e1n\u00ed na ve\u0159ejnosti v naprost\u00e9 nahot\u011b a v neslu\u0161n\u00fdch plavk\u00e1ch\u201c. Tento z\u00e1kon technicky vzato z\u016fstal v platnosti a\u017e do roku 2000, a\u010dkoli jeho vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed bylo nekonzistentn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n I kdy\u017e se mo\u017en\u00e1 nikdy nedozv\u00edme cel\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh tohoto vir\u00e1ln\u00edho momentu, odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed velmi re\u00e1ln\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed z doby, kdy bikiny nebyly jen poutav\u00e9… mohly v\u00e1s tak\u00e9 dostat do probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vliv Hollywoodu<\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u017e v 60. letech 20. stolet\u00ed se bikiny staly skute\u010dn\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00edmi. Kulturn\u00ed zm\u011bny otev\u0159ely dve\u0159e odv\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm styl\u016fm plavek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ale i tehdy bylo ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00e9. Konzervativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed oblasti se stav\u011bly proti mal\u00fdm dvoud\u00edln\u00fdm plavk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f je americk\u00fd Z\u00e1kon o filmov\u00e9 produkci \u2013 l\u00e9pe zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Hays\u016fv z\u00e1kon\u00edk \u2013 kter\u00fd byl v platnost v roce 1934. I kdy\u017e povoloval dvoud\u00edln\u00e9 plavky ve filmech, p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b zakazoval odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed pupku. Tento tlak d\u00e1le zes\u00edlila N\u00e1rodn\u00ed legie slu\u0161nosti, \u0159\u00edmskokatolick\u00e1 kontroln\u00ed skupina, kter\u00e1 vyzvala hollywoodsk\u00e9 a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed filma\u0159e, aby bikiny na velk\u00e9m pl\u00e1tn\u011b zcela zak\u00e1zali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vzestup hollywoodsk\u00fdch hv\u011bzd jako Marilyn Monroe, Ursula Andress a Brigitte Bardot pomohl p\u0159edefinovat standardy kr\u00e1sy a sebev\u011bdom\u00ed. Tyto ikony nenosily jen plavky \u2013 staly se jejich synonymem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00edvka v bikin\u00e1ch<\/p>\n\n\n\n Snad nikdo neud\u011blal pro to, aby se z bikin stala glob\u00e1ln\u00ed hv\u011bzda, v\u00edce ne\u017e francouzsk\u00e1 here\u010dka Brigitte Bardot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ne\u0161lo jen o to, \u017ee m\u011bla na sob\u011b bikiny, ale o to, jak je nosila. Ve sv\u00e9 pr\u016flomov\u00e9 roli ve filmu Bikini Girl si Bardot neobl\u00e9kla jen plavky; ud\u011blala z nich kulturn\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed. Jej\u00ed postava, vyklenut\u00e1 v bezram\u00ednkov\u00e9m diamantov\u00e9m topu bikin, kter\u00fd vypadal, jako by se ka\u017edou chv\u00edli m\u011bl rozpadnout, byla \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem filmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S dlouh\u00fdmi, rozcuchan\u00fdmi vlasy a bezstarostnou povahou Bardot nejen hr\u00e1la \u2013 m\u011bnila pravidla pro to, jak by m\u011bly b\u00fdt \u017eeny vn\u00edm\u00e1ny na obrazovce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Film ji sice uk\u00e1zal v harmonii s oce\u00e1nem a sluncem, ale bu\u010fme up\u0159\u00edmn\u00ed: kamera zbo\u017e\u0148ovala jej\u00ed t\u011blo. Film ji zachytil v klasick\u00e9m pin-up stylu, ale Bardot nebyla jen pastvou pro o\u010di; stala se prvn\u00ed here\u010dkou, kter\u00e1 si v hlavn\u00ed roli obl\u00e9kla bikiny a dala jim tak narativn\u00ed oblouk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u010dkoli nebyla prvn\u00ed \u017eenou, kter\u00e1 je nosila, Bardot byla prvn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 bikiny proslavila prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f, a dopad filmu v USA j\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b p\u0159inesl mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sl\u00e1vu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00edl\u00e9 bikiny Ursuly Andressov\u00e9 ve filmu Dr. No (1962) se okam\u017eit\u011b staly ikonou, proto\u017ee kombinovaly sexep\u00edl, s\u00edlu a filmov\u00fd dopad zp\u016fsobem, jak\u00fd div\u00e1ci dosud nevid\u011bli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kdy\u017e se vyno\u0159ila z mo\u0159e s no\u017eem p\u0159ipevn\u011bn\u00fdm k boku, Andress nebyla jen pastvou pro o\u010di \u2013 byla siln\u00e1, sebev\u011bdom\u00e1 a nezapomenuteln\u00e1. Tento okam\u017eik ji definoval jako dokonalou Bond girl a upevnil m\u00edsto bikin jako symbolu odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 \u017eenskosti v popul\u00e1rn\u00ed kultu\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed byly bikiny v\u0161ude. Plavky se staly je\u0161t\u011b odhaluj\u00edc\u00edmi, na sc\u00e9nu vstoupily tanga a kalhotky ve stylu tang. P\u00e1nsk\u00e9 plavky se tak\u00e9 zmen\u0161ily, proto\u017ee \u201ecudnost\u201c z po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed se stala minulost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Plavky dnes: Pozitivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k t\u011blu a rozmanitost<\/p>\n\n\n\n S n\u00e1stupem 21. stolet\u00ed u\u017e plavky nejsou jen ot\u00e1zkou dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00fdch norem. Trh s plavkami se rozrostl do sv\u011bta \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly mo\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Od decentn\u00edch jednod\u00edln\u00fdch kalhotek p\u0159es tanga a\u017e po odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 tang\u00e1\u010de, ka\u017ed\u00fd si zde najde to sv\u00e9. Nav\u00edc se diskuse o typech postav v\u00fdrazn\u011b vyvinula. Dnes se v\u0161e to\u010d\u00ed kolem pohodl\u00ed, sebev\u011bdom\u00ed a pozitivn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu k t\u011blu, kdy se lid\u00e9 v\u0161ech tvar\u016f, velikost\u00ed a p\u016fvodu voln\u011b vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed na pl\u00e1\u017ei nebo u baz\u00e9nu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pry\u010d jsou doby, kdy se regulovaly \u201eslu\u0161n\u00e9\u201c plavky. Nyn\u00ed jde o osobn\u00ed volbu a sebevyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed. A\u0165 u\u017e jde o plavky zakr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed cel\u00e9 t\u011blo nebo o ty nejodhaluj\u00edc\u00ed bikiny, vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed se n\u00e1zory Ameri\u010dan\u016f na cudnost odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed mnohem inkluzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a tolerantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Co za\u010dalo jako boj za skromnost, se stalo oslavou rozmanitosti, individuality a svobody. Tak\u017ee a\u017e p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b vyraz\u00edte na pl\u00e1\u017e, pamatujte: nejde jen o plavky \u2013 jde o cestu k sebevyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, kterou symbolizuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Jeden mal\u00fd kousek oble\u010den\u00ed. To sta\u010dilo k vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed pobou\u0159en\u00ed, z\u00e1kaz\u016f a dokonce i zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. V desetilet\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159etahovan\u00e9m mezi skromnost\u00ed \n [...]<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1162,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1161"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1163,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1161\/revisions\/1163"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fakt24.biz.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/cdn-stories.newsner.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/04\/29145334\/bade.jpg\")
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